Bride of zen preamp He built the chassis out of wood (front panel is African Wenge and the sides are Maple. I have problems to get iRF510/520/610/620 because in summer elctronics shops are closing for holidays. You need a very, very quiet PS for this preamp. Hook-up wire varies from cotton coated tinned solid core copper to wire wrap wire (WWW) in BoZ. Good quality components throughout. I have the same board with same components working at home for years and it performs beautifully! Since constructed, this board has never been May 31, 2014 · i have just bought some nice pcbs to try to build the single ended Bride of Zen I read something about the relatively high gate capacitance of the recommended mosfet, IRF 610 and 510. Alps Volume Aug 8, 2003 · Bridge of Zen problem Hello, I began to built the Power supply of the bridge of Zen today and I have problem !!! At the output of the power suppluy, I have only 47 V !!!!! At the output of the bridge, I have 93 V !!! I have 69V AC at the output of the transformer, , more than on the shema Aug 22, 2001 · Bride of Zen (noise!) Hi to all of you guys and gals! I just built the BoZ preamp and it sounded marvellous when used in conjunction with the Leach Amp. Top is sanded alloy. acaudio. Dec 12, 2024 · Very nice Mark. Nelson Pass Bride of Zen Balanced Linestage Preamp diyAudio -Dec 16, 2024 Subito Kit preamplificatore bride of zen Nelson pass Subito €159 6% Sep 25, 2024 May 6, 2024 · I love the look of the Crown IC150A. Share free summaries, lecture notes, exam prep and more!! May 12, 2002 · Imho the Bride of Zen is a milestone in the DIYaudio history . High gain available, only one simple FET. Aug 12, 2024 · FOR SALE or TRADE: Pass Labs Bride of Zen preamp DIY Watch Report This Ad. Thread starter pdjacob; Start date 2012-02-16 8:08 pm; Status Not open for further replies. Now I'm building a ZEN amp (v1) to marry with my preamp. png. pcb-audio. passdiy. Stay tuned" User reviews: Preamps Digikey supplies most of the parts needed to build Nelson's latest Bride of Son of Zen preamplifier, featuring no negative feedback, balanced operation and single MOSFET gain stages. All i Apr 2, 2015 · 1. Thanks Nov 12, 2024 · Preamp sounded distorted with no volume -> The one ohm (1ohm) resistor which feeds the first 10,000uf cap decided to let the smoke out. 1uf poly. de. A funny thing happened recently. . The Zen single-ended power amplifier idles at more than four times its output rating, typically 50 to 60 watts. worldwide shiphttp://www. Dec 18, 2020 · Diy preamp (bride of zen)zen class a amp (doz) Feb 21, 2005 · Bride of Son of Zen (also called Pass balanced preamp I think) 3. Thread starter audiorado; Start date 2024-03-29 4:54 pm; Wanted to buy Jump to Latest A. Extruded Al anodised Hammond enclosure with double bitumanised heavy Al internal dampening. Id say it competes with preamps that cost thousands of dollars. Perfect. You have these interfaces which convert unbalanced to Sep 10, 2005 · I'm sorry, i'm newbie in solid state amp. 2005-02-21 8:09 am #4 I wonder what the difference is between the Bride of Zen preamp and the Bride of Son of Zen preamp? The latter a balanced preamp? Would anyone recommend the Bride? How does it sound basically? Thanks. See full list on passlabs. Set of two blank PCB boards for sale. 00" by Sep 11, 2002 · The Zen preamp circuit has a much easier job in this regard, as the load attached to the Drain of the MOSFET will be resistive over the audio frequency range, allowing for intrinsically flat response. A tube preamp with a jFet buffer. R-core supplying the preamplifier board while the Toroid is supplying the input selector and LDR volume control board. The preamp is a DIY Bride of Zen. I found that bride of zen is a good and simple preamp which provide a little gain 😉 Maybe, it's suitable for my Gainclone amp. Like the Bride of Zen it employs single-stage amplification. Aluminum case was formerly an electronics test instrument, now painted with blue automotive paint. Plus, its performance is on par with other exotic preamps. Roughly, R17 divided by R16 determines the gain and R16 determines the input impedance. In the end there is no invention from the preamp. I had the Zen preamp hooked up to my computer and noticed that some of my waveforms were clipped on the negative half of the waveform. Attachments. decrease R101 to 27K and see can you get what's needed ; chase 4V at R108 , that's sole important value - other values are just for checking 4. The BOZ blew it out the door. Look at that… Dec 15, 2024 · Nelson Pass Bride of Zen Balanced Linestage Preamp - $500 plus shipping. Up for sale, Bride of Zen stereo preamplifier, handbuilt on PCB. 5% Holcos on the input, & 5dB per step balanced shunt attenuators at the output); discrete stepped variable gain (with 6, 4dB per step levels); by Jul 6, 2004 · I've never even heard of a Bride Of Zen preamp, let alone heard one, what is it??? It is a single ended mosfet preamp designed by Nelson Pass to use with the Zen SE Mosfet amp that he also designed. I will not disappoint you. thanks www. Bride of Zen . “Homebrew” Nelson Pass designed Balanced Bride of Zen preamp, with: a doubled, dual-mono, outboard power supply; discrete stepped-attenuators (w/ 1dB per step, balanced dual-mono, ladders using 0. Jan 15, 2002 · 1) The Bride of Zen from Passlabs 2) ESP project#37 Death of Zen Preamp Both preamp have great specs. Some minor scuffs on top plate, so will give it a conservative 7. I've made them mono board style with separate power supplies per board. The mosfet is ( of course ) Dec 11, 2013 · i have some pcb for bride of zen preamplifier 15$ one pcb . comgerber file on my Patreon :ht "Bride of Zen" Pre amplifier: Class - A Preamplifier from Nelson Pass ( https://www. jpeg. This is my second iteration of this classic pre having built one back in 95 . Really. I read that the Bride of Zen has a high gain (15db) to match the Son of Zen that doesn't have a high gain for an amplifier. ". (see pic1). Please note that the volume control is done by relay resistor switch network (to avoid the carbon film pot), when Jun 2, 2009 · Build Log: Bride of Zen This is a log that will document the building of my "Bride of Zen" preamplifier. 6 days ago · After building the Nelson Pass B1 buffer preamp I was looking for something just as simple but with voltage some gain. I would like to try some different solutions for the power supply (single rail, 60V), maybe even using a LM317. com/project/preamplifiers/bride-of-zen ) What I have is a modded design , which is a Cascode version of the BOZ. Joined 2004. The Bride of Zen will not typically be asked to deliver Feb 16, 2012 · Pass Bride of Zen Preamp . that I can't help - lazy & don't have experience with particular pcb ; edit: that's really Jan 25, 2002 · BAT preamps Hello, i´m in service for BAT since 1997 (not authorized) and know Victor´s preamps in deatail. Mar 29, 2024 · WTB Bride of Zen preamp PCB. Therefore he called his preamp philosophy "Unistage" Reinhard ••• Jul 22, 2004 · I want to try a Bride of zen for my power follower Pavel Macura 83. Mar 21, 2013 · The popularity of the Zen projects points out the interest in very simple linear circuits. It needs the lower Vdd to get this. We had the circuit boards built professionally (gold plated circuits) and we both populated the boards with high end resistors Dec 29, 2024 · This BoZ is not a B1. I recommend Elna Silmic caps for the audio circuit. Info: Pass Labs Bride of Zen preamp DIY Asking Price: CAD $ 900. The presented preamplifier was publisched on the net by Nelson Pass as The Bride of Zen a single gain stage preamplifier. I am driving a pair of MOSFET follower with them. IMG_0911. Kind regards, Another advantage that the preamp circuit will enjoy over the power amplifier is the relatively small dissipation involved. Item #650130300. Mark Lamb’s Balanced Bride of Zen Pre-amp and Zen Power Amps I have built two Nelson Pass designs, Balanced Bride of Zen preamp and two Zen Power Amps, and am very pleased with the end results. 4 days ago · If you want to run it off a higher voltage, I suggest going for PassLabs Bride of Zen. Thanks for making these available to the DIY community. I thought the rule were: gain = R104/R108 but it is not so because, from the article, the V gain is around 6 times Mar 21, 2013 · Son of Zen — 13 Participants The Zen has proven to be a popular and enduring do-it-yourself amplifier. A. Read More Bride of zen preamp the bride of zen: single gain stage preamplifier intro this is the second installment of trilogy of construction projects centered around Dec 9, 2001 · Bride of Zen is awfully hard to beat I can unhesitatingly reccomend Nelson Pass's Bride of Zen preamp. Mar 21, 2013 · Bride of Zen — 16 Participants This is the second installment of a trilogy of construction projects centered around the performance obtainable from absolutely minimalist circuitry. May 12, 2004 · OK I stop now I don't need a date My first realizations: a wonderful "Bride Of Zen" preamp with external power unit (wonderfull compared to the preamp part of my NAD C312), a marvelous external power unit for my MSB Link DAC (based on the MSB P1000 model). But about 20 years ago I gutted the IC150a and it now houses a simple to build preamp. 9 KB · Views: 328 Another advantage that the preamp circuit will enjoy over the power amplifier is the relatively small dissipation involved. Nov 28, 2024 · Kompakte und wunderbar klingende Vorstufe nach Nelson Pass. he always uses simple Diffamps working on current sources. We can get the other parts from Digikey and Antek pretty quickly. 5+ Also Dec 11, 2023 · This is my New Second version of the Nelson Pass Bride of Zen preamp, in custom Cascode config. The balanced Bride of Zen would be perfect for your needs, particularly because your Atma-Sphere amp wants 3V to drive to full output. Although the Board states that it should provide 16V after regulation it is only providing around 14V. Holzseiten/Edelstahlausführung. Please note that the volume control is done by relay resistor switch network (to avoid the carbon film pot), when you turn the volume you will hear the relay switch. Absolut Brumm- und rauschfrei. Hp3310 function generator , fluke tester and a screwdriver . The 40y-9 caps are foil, paper in oil, glass encapsulated then metal encapsulated and sound divine. This extreme simplicity has an aesthetic appeal, which speaks to the purist in audiophiles, and the presumption that simple circuits sound better. In I had been using a Dynaco pat5 bi-fet preamp with Jung power supply mods that I always thought sounded great. 220/240 Volt. audiorado. Neu aufgebaut für die Phonobar. Jan 19, 2014 · Before I rip her apart I have to ask is this bride fixable: I have checked the PSit makes a good 59. And this stage does invert but then so does the tube stage. (This may not be a problem if the amp is matched with a NP mosfet preamp, as the single mosfet preamp effectively behaves as an input stage for the output mosfet in the Zen. Designed for Zen amplifier. The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the second installment of a trilogy of construction projects centered around the performance obtainable from absolutely minimalist circuitry. The differences are in the Tubes (6922 & 6H30P-DR) and Fets and the current flowing. NOTE : P101 IS PLACED BEFORE C104 IN THE PCB !! Dec 6, 2001 · I have been using your Bride of Zen preamp for several years, and it's made a major improvement in my sound system. Big Ruskie 0. 5VDC Butwhen I hook up the rest of my BOZ the voltages get screwy - the 20+ figure of the schematic is the only one I hit. The Bride of Zen will not typically be asked to deliver Son of Zen; The Amazing FET Circlotron Construction, Continued; The Pass A-40 Power Amplifier; The PLH Amplifier; The Zen Amplifier; Zen Amplifier Revisited; Zen Variations 1; Zen Variations 2; Zen Variations 3; Zen Variations 4; Zen Variations 5 Hi Res; Zen Variations 5 Low Res; Zen Variations 6; Zen Variations 7; Zen Variations 8; Zen SOLD Nelson Pass design BOZ (Bride of Zen) DIY preamp WITH REMOTE « on: 23 Jul 2011, 05:38 pm » For sale is a Nelson Pass design preamp that I purchased from the original builder. 1 MB · Views: 346 image000001. So what is WWW wire? Cheers _____ [ DIY Mains AC Power Cable Cord] - [ Gobo LM1875 Amp Kit] - [ Tang Band D4-1 Horn Speaker Kit] - [ Monoblock Push-Pull KT88 Tube Amp Kit] Another advantage that the preamp circuit will enjoy over the power amplifier is the relatively small dissipation involved. 5/10 Reason for selling: Was a stop-gap while working on my own pre-amp design New pre and poweramp, Nelson Pass Bride of Zen and Elektor Crescendo. Feb 11, 2011 · Finally my Pass BOZ preamplifier is completed thanks to sachin for the matched SK170s. A common-source mosfet-stage will not have sufficient gain at low frequencies, so I used a compound gain-stage ( think of a complementary Darlington). I installed a few of the components today. I installed a few of the Jun 12, 2001 · I'm in the process of sourcing materials for the Pass Bride of Zen preamp and was wondering if anyone had any recommendations for a volume pot. Worked as good as with resistors and looked good. I bought a printed circuit board a few years back for a Bride of Zen preamp. Part one described the Zen amplifier, a 10 watt single-ended class A power amplifier using a single MOSFET gain stage. I have two kind questions: 1) which is the best choice of the two ? are they perfectly equivalent ? 2) is this gate capacitance really a problem ? Nov 24, 2008 · Pass Bride of Zen preamp in Par-metal gold rack case,. Another advantage that the preamp circuit will enjoy over the power amplifier is the relatively small dissipation involved. setup and gain test of the boz preamplifier. jpg May 10, 2019 · Recently there has been some email interest in Bride of Zen (BOZ) and a request for the Gerbers. either use smaller xformer , or put 24V/3W bulb in series in secondary or 240R/5W resistor 2. Jul 6, 2004 · First was the joke to replace R104 1k and R108 100 by little, orange light bulbs in homage to my first read of NP's master pieces, zen variations 1. com Jul 6, 2004 · I've never even heard of a Bride Of Zen preamp, let alone heard one, what is it??? It is a single ended mosfet preamp designed by Nelson Pass to use with the Zen SE Mosfet amp that he also designed. The BOZ is a preamplifier with a single JFET gain device. Avel Lindberg 5A tranny, Panasonic TSU electrolytics, polyproplyne coupling caps, Vishay-Dale resistors , Clarostat volume controls, Grayhill selector switch, gold input output RCA'S, Detachable IEC power cord, ofc hook up wire. Apr 9, 2024 · This is a preamp made by myself, sings beautifully, detailed and full-bodied sound, its midrange sounds like a tube pre-amp. I now use the first unit in my PC rig , it was built using the PC board designed by Nelson for the original Audio Amateur article. :confused: Jan 20, 2023 · I bought a printed circuit board a few years back for a Bride of Zen preamp. Feb 3, 2015 · My third project of the legendary amp Jean Hiraga + Preamp Bride of Zen by nelson pass. With the values shown we use about 10 dB of feedback to get a damping factor of about 3 and a distortion reduction of about half. _____ Aug 23, 2015 · I am selling a completed Bride of Son of Zen Pre-amp. The most important lesson of Pass' designs is that single-device, single-ended (per polarity) topologies are elegantly simple and tend to sound very good. Joined 2009. 😕 I'm not satisfied with a passive preamp, i need to give a some colour to my gainclone amp. Do you think it is good for this amp? If I will finish the zen lite, I will use it also with this amp. Only one small problem, humming (50Hz) and buzzing (100Hz)! Levels of humming and buzzing are low, inaudible if your ears are more than 2 feet away from a loudspeaker in a quiet room. Mar 24, 2012 · balanced zen line stage would be more interesting for me. The Hammond aluminum cases sure are smart. And if you really need a "basic" preamp for your F2 then this is the exact thing you are looking for. by: true-apex-admin. Schematics available on Dec 4, 2009 · I made them on dot board. The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro Dec 7, 2024 · With the BoZ this is snubbed by a 0. At first can be mentioned: the output is inverted, because was designed to work together with the ZEN amplifier! Basically in preamplifier part I increased just the capacitors value. Where I though the Nelson Pass B1 buffer had excellent bass, the BoZ came in and made bass reproduction even heavier. It sounds marvelous. In the spirit of the Zen designs, the less said the better. Technical. Here is a link to both articles. The soundstage ballooned in width depth and even height compared to the PAT5. You won't find the BOZ in Cascode anywhere else that I know of. P102 : ADJUST FOR SETTING 20VDC ON DRAIN MOSFET. The board came from Jim's Audio. 00. Mar 21, 2013 · Like most of its Zen predecessors, ZV9 uses feedback to lower the output impedance. Bride of Zen (BOZ) preamplifier. But the preamp can be used for any kind of amp/power followers. The sound of the Zen amp and preamp are superb. The Bride of Zen will not typically be asked to deliver May 13, 2015 · The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro - Pass DIY . Mid range and treble are extended and detailed. The Zen, Bride of Zen, and Son of Zen have been explorations in how much objective and subjective performance can be achieved with a single gain stage. So I put a little work into a double sided version and set up the Gerbers for compatibility with China PCB Prototype & Fabrication Manufacturer - PCB Prototype the Easy Way PL45AR0 is 8. I can order the PCB's today and let you know when they come in. Actually i want to build a Preamp to accompany my Gainclone. com/images/bosoz-0060. 2024-03-29 4:54 Apr 24, 2024 · Further Information: This is a preamp made by myself, sings beautifully, detailed and full-bodied sound, its midrange sounds like a tube pre-amp. 😉 Another advantage that the preamp circuit will enjoy over the power amplifier is the relatively small dissipation involved. I had plans to add a wooden chassis and a remote with volume control, but I simply dont have the time to do it and have moved to a simple integrated amp instead. don't use force - take a bigger hammer put bigger heatsink 3. Gain is adjustable, 0db, 6db or 12db. Will try to build your Zen amps for my Klipsch Lascalas soon. Conceptually, it's similar to the Pass Aleph P and the 'Bride of Son of Zen' DIY project. Dissipation of the transistor I wouldn't worry about, it's the drain resistor I would. Feb 28, 2022 · Since TCI does not add any gain, to fully enjoy balanced level pre outs from unbalanced RCA, either we can use a high gain preamp or add an extra gain stage Unbalanced preamp out > Tube gain stage > TCI > Balanced inputs on Power amp. Why just one gain device? To preserve maximum detail and neutrality -- the more gain devices you add, the higher the distortion. Clean sound. The Kleinhorn Part 1; The Kleinhorn Part 2; The Legend of EL PIPE-O; Articles. For starters, the ECC83 may not be the best tube for the follower stage, and the simple follower stage that you currently have may not be optimal. Even if you didn’t build the Zen amplifier, you owe it to yourself to do this one. Aug 27, 2024 · (Also Bride of Zen with 1x Input/AUX & Pass ClassA power amplifier Return of Zen, as well as Gainclone power amplifiers there!) Nelson Pass: "I will not disappoint you. I've read good and bad about this preamp but figured I'd give it a try. ) Jul 10, 2005 · I would like to present a tricky phono preamp. The Nelson Pass Bride of Zen preamp is simplicty in the audio path and is now the heart of my stereo. Replaced with 1ohm 5W wire wound. Jan 5, 2025 · After building the Nelson Pass B1 buffer preamp I was looking for something just as simple but with voltage some gain. Mar 21, 2013 · B1 Buffer Preamp; Balanced Zen Line Stage; Bride of Zen; Pearl 2; Speakers. The engraving turned out very nice. Not more extended just weightier. The Bride of Zen will not typically be asked to deliver more than a milliwatt, but the MOSFET will have no difficulty dissipating a watt or so. And i would like to reduce the V gain to 2-3. 5+ and the 15+ is also 2. Here is picture of another one made by a friend. The plans specify a dual 5k volume control, but finding this creature has been difficult. I installed a few of the Dec 11, 2023 · This is my New Second version of the Nelson Pass Bride of Zen preamp, in custom Cascode config. Apr 17, 2016 · Item: Bride of Zen pre-amp Location: Auckland, New Zealand Price: AU$300 (NZ$330) + $50 freight to Oz ($15 within NZ) Item Condition: Barely run in - no more than a few hundred hours on this. Mar 21, 2013 · The Zen, Bride of Zen, and Son of Zen have been explorations in how much objective and subjective performance can be achieved with a single gain stage. The Bride of Zen will not typically be asked to deliver Jan 1, 2022 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Bride of zen preamplifier . Quick question regarding the original Bride of Zen preamp: Zen Amp & Bride of Zen Preamp. Alps Blue Velvet pot, 30,000uf (snubbed) of filtration/storage onboard in a double Pi configuration. We will have much less reason to employ feedback in this circuit, and so we will not. Voltage that should be 8+ is 2. I already built a Leach amplifier and I'd like to build the best preamp that would goes with it. Update 5-February-2002. It's a beautiful circuit, both conceptually and visually. PETER ESSENZA 2022. It is a very good audio preamplifier coming from Nelson Pass. The Kleinhorn Part 1 The Zen Amp concept is an exploration of how well you can make a Nov 18, 2013 · My son and I built a DIY Pass Labs Bride Of Son Of Zen Balanced preamp. Pass Bride of Zen Preamp. as i need unbalanced to balanced conversion. Mar 21, 2013 · The Zen single-ended power amplifier idles at more than four times its output rating, typically 50 to 60 watts. Neat appearance, no scratches. Main Content Date. Because it was released after the Son of Zen - SOZ - and because the first Zen preamp was the Bride of Zen it was also referred to as the Bride of Son of Zen, or BOSOZ 🙂 Then when the X stuff started happening, things got real fun The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the second installment of a trilogy of construction projects centered around the performance obtainable from absolutely minimalist circuitry. This can also be used with Tube amps which I am doing. It's a MOSFET based, single-ended Class-A preamp designed by Nelson Pass. brideofzen_1. to my existing preamp because it had a built-in phono stage. This is my slant on Mr Pass’s Bride of Zen (BoZ). Works great, case a little ragged looking,(especially rear). The two preamps have been compared with different external power Dec 8, 2023 · Further Information: Compact crisp and clear sounding simple BoZ FET based preamp with two inputs. Jan 20, 2023 · I bought a printed circuit board a few years back for a Bride of Zen preamp. Member. The Bride Of Zen preamplifier. 1uF 40y-9 PIO military caps handle front-end de-coupling while 10uF polypropylene caps sit at the back. They are intended to fuel that interest. I always liked the sound when I used it as a preamp. The Bride of Zen: A Single Gain Stage Preamplifier Intro This is the second installment of a trilogy of construction projects centered around the performance obtainable from absolutely minimalist circuitry. Once more from Nelson Pass comes-up this simple creation - BoZ (Bride of Zen): Apr 29, 2004 · Original Pass designed PCB, bought from TAA, stuffed with excellent components: Inp & Out caps are MIT Multicaps+Roederstein, resistors are Holco, etc. Both enclosures are Hammond anodised Al cases with the B1 having a slightly longer case. It took an order from both Mouser and Digikey to get the parts. Arch Nemesis; Feb 16, 2001 · In fact, with some sources you could hear, and measure, the rise and fall in the upper harmonics: that is the input modulates the amp in a non-linear fashion. I built mine 3 years ago using run of the mill parts and my jaw dropped to the floor when I first heard Pink Floyd playing in my living room. Nelson Pass design. It sat with other future projects until this week. No Kidding. Board is from Jims Audio. Therefor no power to the brd. Once more from Nelson Pass comes-up this simple creation - BoZ (Bride of Zen): Dec 17, 2022 · The Adcom GFP-750 preamp was designed as a companion piece to the GFA-5802, with matching aesthetics. Sep 11, 2002 · Hi ! i have one of this preamp. I did not build this pre-amp myself but I have been using it for quite some time. Both preamps have a single jFET the 2SK170 (BL). On further reflection this jFet stage could be the answer for those wanting to build a single stage tube preamp but need to drive into low impedance power amps. Jan 16, 2022 · How I built a NELSON PASS BRIDE OF ZEN PREAMPLIFIER WITH PHONO BOARD. Mar 15, 2016 · This preamp can add tube like sound to Solid State amps and make them more lively. I have to thank … Continue reading →. The Bride of Zen will not typically be asked to deliver About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Nov 13, 2007 · If your objectives are to build a suitable - and well designed - preamp you should probably stick to a proven design, such as the Aikido preamp, or others. Now in the junk box I have only irf530 or P3NB90FP. Highly recommended! The finished Nelson Pass Bride of Zen (BoZ) Preamplifier. To use MooseFET with higher voltage would take away the triode-like FFT spectrum. 146. Dec 27, 2005 · The official title of the article was Balanced Zen Line Stage which we often write as BZLS. The design addresses the audiophile's enthusiasm for singleended amplification, but is even more interesting for its exploration of the performance available at the extremes of simplicity, having only a single gain device. bwpwwh zlocgyz odzb msrg clxu zmivn rvai datrib dyjg kijhv